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September 2010 [Components] Strategies For Planar Directional Couplers, Part 2 Analyzing different directional coupler types in terms of performance tradeoffs can simplify the specification process when choosing a coupler for a particular application. As last month’s Part 1 of this two-part article showed, directional couplers can be designed and fabricated in both discrete and printed-circuit-board (PCB) forms as well as part of an integrated circuit (IC). This second part will show how to perform a tradeoff analysis of... August 2010 [Components] Strategies For Planar Directional Couplers, Part 1 Directional couplers are an important part of analog signal processing in microwave systems, including as portions of power dividers and combiners, in directional filters, attenuators, phase shifters, mixers, amplifiers, modulators, and beam-forming networks for antenna arrays.1-19 They are also essential in test applications allowing, for example, measurements of high-power signals with sensitive test equipment by coupling a small sample... July 2010 [Components] Reviewing Avionics Antenna Modules, Part 2 A ntenna modules provide system integrators with a means of saving weight and volume in an airborne avionics platform. As mentioned in Part 1 of this article in June 2010 Microwaves & RF (see. p. 72), combination Traffic Collision and Avoidance System (TCAS) and Transponder suites used on many aircraft rely on four different antennas, ten cables, and separate ... June 2010 [Components] Reviewing Avionics Antenna Modules, Part 1 Avionics systems designers constantly seek savings in size and weight through integration. The approach also lowers the number of cables needed and the power requirements. The use of integrated antenna modules is one approach that helps to achieve reductions in size, weight, and power usage in modern integrated avionics systems.1 Part 1 of this two-part article will review active antenna modules for avionics systems; next month, Part 2... April 2009 [Components] Analyze Bearing Accuracy Of A Monopulse System (Part 2) As detailed last month in Part 1 of this two-part article series, an amplitude monopulse system requires tightly matched amplitude balance between receiver channels to provide good bearing accuracy. Also, minimizing bearing errors depends on minimizing phase and amplitude imbalance in the SBFN and antenna. Differences in insertion loss and gain among these channels result from variations in physical components. The receiver channels also operate ... March 2009 [Components] Analyze Bearing Accuracy Of A Monopulse System Amplitude monopulse direction- finding (DF) systems depend on tight component tolerances to achieve a high degree of bearing accuracy. By using an amplitude monopulse system with four-monopulse antenna and switched beam-forming network as an example, it is possible to better understand the effects of the RF/microwave components on the overall system peak and rootmean- square (RMS) bearing accuracy. The first portion of this two-part article will show... October 2008 [Devices & ICs] Setting Strategies For Transmission Lines Last month, the first part of this article made recommendations for choosing the physical dimensions of stripline. A large height, H, ensures high power-handling capability. Smaller H requires a smaller strip for the same impedance, leading to higher losses. The thickness, h, of the suspended stripline dielectric substrate should be as small to minimize losses and parasitic inductance of vias, as well as to reduce cost. For slotline, the... September 2008 [Systems & Subsystems] Setting Strategies for Transmission Lines Transmission lines are often taken for granted in the design of high-frequency circuits and integrated circuits (ICs), since the focus is often on getting signals into and from an active device. But by understanding the capabilities of different microwave/RF transmission lines and how to optimize them, design iterations, time, and unnecessary cost can be saved from a project. Part 1 of this two-part article will show how a careful design process should... September 2003 [Components] Assemble A Tunable L-Band Preselector Electrically tunable preselectors are key elements in communications, avionics, and radar receivers. Narrowband RF and microwave preselectors prevent large off-channel signals from overdriving a receiver front end. Microstrip combline and... |
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