Author - Nancy Friedrich

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Nancy Friedrich	Write for Microwaves & RF

233 results found for Nancy Friedrich, displaying items 1 - 20

--> April 2008 [Communications]
Rugged Cables And Connectors Can Take Abuse
Microwave and optical cables and connectors currently serve a variety of industries. Yet they always have the common objective of delivering a transmission path for both highspeed digital and high-frequency analog signals. Their diverse capabilities and performance are derived from their design as well as other factors, such as materials. As it does in every industry, design follows demand. In other words, the evolution of such factors is driven...

April 2008 [Communications]
WiMAX May Not Live Up To The Hype
WiMAX broadband-access technology might not be able to deliver on its promises after all. The broadband technology, in both fixed and mobile forms, has been billed as the ultimate vehicle for last-mile services. Mobile WiMAX was certain to be deployed in hard-to-reach rural areas. Nobly, it also would provide a communications jumpstart in emerging markets like Africa. At the end of March, however, the Australian edition of Communications Day (...

April 2008 [Communications]
Constraints Impact UWB Antenna Performance
Solutions for Optimal Waveforms for an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) link have been presented using transmit and receive antennas that are realistic and specific. Yet antenna expert David M. Pozar, who hails from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts (Amherst, MA), asserts that a better approach might be to determine the best performance that can be obtained for any antenna with certain constraints, such as...

April 2008 [Communications]
UHF CPUs Promise To Secure RFID Communications
To Attach to Merchandise Ranging from books to fresh foods, radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags need physical flexibility. RFID RF integrated circuits (RFICs) also must be produced at extremely low cost. In addition, they have to be able to provide secure communication. To meet these demands, a 13.56-MHz RF central-processing unit (CPU) with a flexible and a glass substrate was proposed by Hiroyuki Takashina and Yoshinari Yamashita from TDK...

April 2008 [Communications]
OTA Testing Evaluates Mobile-Device Performance
OTA Testing Evaluates Mobile-Device Performance To more accurately predict the real-world performance of a mobile device, both standards organizations and network providers are increasingly turning to over-the-air (OTA) testing. The Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association (CTIA), for example, has defined the methods and set the standards for performing OTA testing. In a four-page white paper, RFMD (...

April 2008 [Communications]
Tie WiMAX RF Chipsets To 18-MHz Reference Frequency
Tie WiMAX RF Chipsets To 18-MHz Reference Frequency RF chipsets are at the heart of WiMAX solutions for base-station hardware and customer-premise equipment (CPE). The TRF1xxx chipsets from Texas Instruments (www.ti.com), for example, house integrated synthesizers to realize a superheterodyne architecture. To achieve optimal channel resolution, these devices must be tied to an 18-MHz reference frequency....

April 2008 [Communications]
100-W SSPA Targets Ku-Band
100-W SSPA Targets Ku-Band To provide low-cost operation and longevity for satellite-communications (satcom) customers, a compact, 100-W, solid-state high-power amplifier (SSPA) has been introduced in an integrated antenna-mount package. This SSPA, which is dubbed the model XTS-100K1, is designed for satcom operation at 14.0-to-14.5-GHz Ku-band frequencies and optionally available in a version for use at 13.75 to 14.5 GHz. Thanks to its antenna-mount approach,...

April 2008 [Components]
Power Divider/Combiner Covers 950 To 2150 MHz
Power Divider/Combiner Covers 950 To 2150 MHz Power dividers and combiners are critical to the distribution or combining of microwave signals. The model PD-32-LB3-S, for example, provides for 1 x 32-way inphase power division or combining over the very-small-aperture-terminal (VSAT) extended frequency band, LB3. That band spans 950 to 2150 MHz. The RoHScompliant PD-32-LB3-S boasts a maximum insertion loss of 4.0 dB, an in/out ...

April 2008 [Components]
Power Amplifier Offers 50 dB Gain From 6 To 18 GHz
Power Amplifier Offers 50 dB Gain From 6 To 18 GHz By taking a monolithic-microwave-integrated- circuit (MMIC) approach, a family of broadband high-power amplifiers is being billed as both economical and reliable. The model AMP6G18-50-33 is a 6-to-18- GHz amplifier. It flaunts more than 50 dB of gain. The amplifier delivers at least 2 W of output power at 1-dB compression. Its noise figure is less than 3.5 dB. Typical current draw is less than 1.5 A from +12 VDC. The...

April 2008 [Components]
Mini-TCXO Keeps Phase Noise To -155 dBc/Hz
Mini-TCXO Keeps Phase Noise To â??155 dBc/Hz Designers are under pressure to shrink the size, lower the cost, and improve the performance of a variety of components. Oscillators are among the most essential of the components requiring these enhancements. Following this trend, the VTM3 temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) offers phase-noise performance that is similar to its predecessorsâ??the VTC4 and VTC1 TCXOsâ??in a 50-percent package smaller ...

March [Communications]
Mobile Television Prepares For Its Big Debut
The industry must leverage the right standards and technologies to provide mobile-TV services on the go, deep inside buildings, and to millions of people at the same time. Nancy Friedrich Editor Television and cellular phones are among the most popular consumer-electronic products in history. As a result, putting the two together should result in the ultimate killer wireless application. Numerous carriers and technology companies have been...

March [Communications]
Affordable CPE Equipment Will Drive WiMAX Into Emerging Markets
In the last two years, the fixed/portable broadband-wireless-access (BWA) equipment market (sub-11-GHz) more than doubled. According to Maravedis, it grew to $1.2 billion in 2007—up from $562 million in 2005. Despite the doubling of the market, the success of WiMAX depends on reaching a critical mass in underserved and developed markets. The higher-volume production of chips, antennas, and other components must occur. Such production will drive down the...

March [Industry News]
Company News
Contracts CSR and Nam Tai Electronic & Electrical Products (NTEEP)— Announced that CSR’s RadioPro reference design has been selected by NTEEP for its Internet radio module. With full hardware and software components included, NTEEP’s module features an embedded microstrip antenna and an integrated power amplifier and low-noise amplifier and allows designers to add an external antenna. The RadioPro features a chip-scale...

March [Components]
Metamaterials Show Potential For Planar Components
Metamaterials intrigue researchers for their potential to fabricate tunable and wideband passive components. Because of line parasitics, the reactive elements responsible for the left-handed (LH) band exhibit a forward or right-handed (RH) transmission band at higher frequencies. Usually, they are separated from the LH band by a stop band. Due to the composite behavior of LC loaded lines, these structures were called composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines....

March [Communications]
19.7-MHz Chebyshev LPF Targets IEEE 802.11n
The IEEE 802.11n wireless-local-area-networking (WLAN) standard employs a high-throughput extension option. As a result, a WLAN system’s bandwidth can be 40 MHz in support of higher data rates. When the direct-conversion architecture is employed for these systems, a lowpass filter (LPF) with a bandwidth of 10 and/or 20 MHz is required. The design of a wideband LPF involves the selection of both the filter inductor-capacitorresistor (LCR) prototype (i.e.,...

March [Research & Development]
Rectifier Circuit Powers Sensor Network Tags At 950 MHz
In 1996, R.S. Dixon of Ohio state University proposed a new concept for a radio telescope array dubbed “Argus.” This approach used a large array of broadband antennas with broad beamwidth that provides all-sky field of view (FOV), can generate multiple simultaneous beams, and performs “retroactive observing.” The design of Argus, its theoretical performance, the system’s ability to detect and localize the sun, and various capabilities were recently...

March [Applications]
Programmable Modulus Invites DDS Into New Applications
A modification to the typical accumulator based, direct-digital-synthesis (DDS) architectures has emerged in the form of a programmable-modulus DDS. This modulus’ goal is to alter the accumulator modulus. Yet that task is complicated because the angle-to-amplitude converter maps the entire P-bit input range (0 to 2RP) to 0 to 2p radians. This hurdle and an explanation of the main differences between conventional and programmable-modulus DDS can be found in...

March [Applications]
Realize Thermal Considerations Of SMT Devices
The RF performance of a surface-mount-technology (SMT) device depends on how well the thermal coefficients of expansion (TCEs) between device and board are matched as well as the design principles and consistency of materials in the device’s construction. Other factors impacting performance include the thermal-management techniques that are used to direct the device’s dissipated energy and the circuit-level methods that minimize reflective losses. In the...

March [Communications]
Ku- And Ka-Band PAs Offer Gain Above 27 dB
Ku- And Ka-Band PAs Offer Gain Above 27 dB To satisfy both Ku-band very-small-aperture-terminal (VSAT) networks and emerging Ka-band broadband-satellite-communications applications, two new power amplifiers vow to deliver superior power and linearity performance. The Ku-band module boasts a minimum of 40 dB gain and 0.5 dB maximum gain flatness. Typical output power at 1-dB compression (P1dB) is +37 dBm while the typical output third-order intercept is +47 dBm. At...

March [Communications]
Noise Source Promises +/-0.25 dB Flatness Over 10 kHz To 3 GHz
Noise Source Promises +/-0.25 dB Flatness Over 10 kHz to 3 GHz To reduce measurement uncertainty in broadband applications, a coaxial noise source features typical flatness of +/-0.25 dB over the entire frequency range of 10 kHz to 3 GHz. The NW3G-CS comes with calibrated, cardinal excess-noise-ratio (ENR) frequencies. The noise source is available in 15 and 30 dB ENRs. Standard operation is from +28 VDC with a 20-mA maximum current draw. The...

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