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May 2010 - In This Issue [Cover Story] MMICs Serve Key Transceiver Functions Monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) based on gal l ium arsenide (GaAs) have been a part of this industry for a quarter century. And Freescale Semiconductor, the former Motorola Semiconductor, has enjoyed a long history of product development in analog and digital integrated circuits (ICs) and high-power RF transistors. But, although the firm has not lacked for the technological ... — Monte Miller , et al. [News] IMS 2010 Returns To The West Coast The IEEE Microwaves Theory & Techniques Society (MTTS) International Microwave Symposium is the RF and microwave industry’s key technical, business, and social event. This year, IMS is being held from May 23 to 28 at the Anaheim Convention Center (Anaheim, CA). As usual, it includes a variety of conferences with outstanding technical presentations (... — Nancy Friedrich [Design Features] Taming Temperature In High-Power PIN Switches Thermal management is one of the critical disciplines in high-power, high-reliability PIN diode design. Although power levels can vary dramatically for components operated under continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed conditions, the goal of any thermalmanagement effort is the effective dissipation of power to prevent thermal buildup in the component and system in which it is used. Fortunately, the task is made simpler by moderately priced infrared ... — Michael Hebert [Design Features] Antenna Assists MW Power Transmission Power from space, by means of microwave power transmission using the sun as the energy source, has been a vision of many for decades. The power system would employ large solar- power satellites in geostationary earth orbit, and the system would consist of a solar energy collector to convert solar energy in direct current electricity, a DC-to-microwave converter, a large antenna array to beam the microwave power to the ground, and a receiving antenna on the... — Dr. A. Kumar [Design Features] Low-Power TIA Tunes Gain At 2.4 GHz Silicon CMOS device technology is widely used in wireless designs for its low-power consumption, good high-frequency performance, and suitability for integration. Conventional RF CMOS circuits usually operate as voltagemode configurations, although highspeed current-mode designs are attractive for their low power consumption, wide bandwidths, and wide dynamic ranges. Both approaches offer advantages, making it desirable to create circuits in which... — Jie Jin , et al. [Design Features] Design Diversity RFID Systems Inventory management systems now rely on passive radio-frequency- identification (RFID) technology for automated identification of products in real time. For many applications, the use of RFID provides an acceptable return on investment. These systems must capture information on all present inventory in real time, requiring an RFID system to read 100 percent of all tagged items. An RFID system’s read capability is a function of many variables, ... — Ronald A. Marino [Design Features] Tiny Ring Hybrid Suppresses Harmonics Ring hybrid power dividers are key components in a variety of high-frequency components and assemblies, including power amplifiers, frequency converters, and antenna systems. Unfortunately, the physical size of a conventional hybrid coupler can be restrictive for applications, such as wireless systems, that require extremely small size and low manufacturing cost. In order to achieve good harmonic suppression while also reducing the size of a ... — Dr. Hee-Yong Hwang , et al. [Design Features] Sizing Up RF Switch Systems Microwave test systems often include one or more RF/microwave switches to allow automated testing as well as measurements on multiple devices under test (DUTs). When configuring a highfrequency switching system for test applications, it is important to understand the type of switch and multiplexer options available as well as the critical switch specifications when choosing a switch. Switch systems for RF and microwave applications ... — Robert Green , et al. [Product Technology] Healthcare Segment Offers Plentiful RF Prospects For years, microwave companies have been selling components for medical imaging applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems. While imaging continues to offer viable opportunities, many additional medical application areas are emerging for wireless microwave and RF technologies. Remote monitoring, for example, allows patients to stay at home while health status reports, such as blood pressure and pulse rate, are sent wirelessly to... — Nancy Friedrich [Product Technology] Small Antennas Are Big On Efficiency Antennas must be large to have gain and high efficiency. At least that has long been the traditional view of antenna designers, until the wireless industry spurred interest in electrically small (ELS) antennas in the early 1990s. If small efficiency antennas could be developed for handsets and other wireless applications, fewer burdens would be placed on active components within the system, such as amplifiers. Well, it is time to change the traditional... — Jack Browne [Product Technology] High-Speed Scopes Race To 32 GHz Oscilloscopes are versatile, workhorse test instruments, ideal for high-speed circuit characterization. But for microwave measurements, they have rarely been considered on par with a vector network analyzer (VNA).With the introduction of the Infiniium 90000 X-Series of digital oscilloscopes from Agilent Technologies (www.agilent.com), that thinking may change. These high-performance oscilloscopes come in 10 models with real-time bandwidths ranging... — Jack Browne [Product Technology] Reference Sources Reduce Size, Noise Reference signal sources set the spectral standards for a wide range of phase-lockedloop (PLL) applications, from clock translators in measurement instruments to ground-based and airborne radar systems. Traditional references sources, such as crystal, ceramic, or surfaceacoustic- wave (SAW) oscillators, are based on high-quality-factor (high-Q) resonators. They are generally limited to fundamental frequencies of about 1 GHz and must be multiplied to... — Ulrich L. Rohde , et al. [Editorial] Stay In The Know At IMS 2010 The microwave industry has continuously produced innovations that changed and enhanced peoples’ lives. Behind this work have been some brilliant individuals with lofty goals. Despite this creative intelligence, however, most individuals are “human” in that they want to stay connected and be “in the know.” Traditionally, the International Microwave Symposium (IMS) exhibition floor is a place where new products are launched, technology innovations are introduced, and new ... — Nancy Friedrich [Feedback] Feedback I followed your article (“Forecast Rain Effects On Microwave Links,” April, p. 78) in your attempt to show readers how to forecast rain effects in microwave terrestrial and satellite links. I have studied microwave propagation in the atmosphere with precipitation and know the theory behind it. I did an interesting science by using microwave radiometers in emission mode to obtain loss... — Various Readers [The Front End] Cell Phone Industry Sees End Of Recession EL SEGUNDO, CAâ??The cell-phone industry has proclaimed the end of the recession following an outstanding final quarter of 2009. According to iSuppli Corp., it also has projected substantial growth for smartphones this year. A total of 1.15 billion cell phones were shipped in 2009. Although down from the 2008 figure of 1.2 billion handsets, shipments in the fourth quarter of 2009 represented the culmination of an increasing growth pattern... — Dawn Hightower [The Front End] RFID Chip Helps To Reduce Safety Concerns WOLLERAU, SWITZERLAND —IDS Microchip began shipping development kits to early adopters for a novel radio-frequency-identification (RFID) sensor and data logging chip. Dubbed the IDS-SL900A, the chip is based on the EPC second-generation standard for supply chain applications. It therefore enables a vast new array of medical, food, healthcare, and environmental-supervision applications that ensure quality and/or freshness. This RFID chip can... — Dawn Hightower [The Front End] Surveillance Radar Mitigates Interference For Wind Farms LONDON, UK—A long-range air-surveillance radar system vows to overcome the sensor performance issues commonly caused by the rotating blades of wind turbines. Essentially, the electronics in Lockheed Martin’s TPS-77 radar mitigate the interference or “clutter” that commonly obscures radar targets in and around wind farms. Lockheed Martin’s TPS- 77 is the latest configuration of the three-dimensional (3D) radar design. This fixed-site or... — Dawn Hightower [Financial News] Sanswire Receives SkySat UAV Contract SANSWIRE CORP. has announced that defense-contractor Global Telesat Corp. (GTC) has agreed to purchase a 50-percent interest in one SkySat airship for $250,000. GTC has an option to purchase the remaining 50 percent for an additional $750,000. The agreement states that Sanswire will initially receive $250,000 from GTC in exchange for a 50-percent interest in one SkySat airship. Sanswire will immediately deliver the existing airship to a facility designated by Global... — Dawn Hightower [Company News] Company News CONTRACTS LeCroy Corp.—Has received a contract award to supply digital oscilloscopes to the Navy’s Supply Systems Command. The contract has a best estimated quantity (BEQ) of up to 200 WaveRunner oscilloscopes per year for five years. LeCroy’s WaveRunner 64Xi-A-N oscilloscopes passed stringent technical requirements as part of a competitive bid to qualify for Navy acceptance. Anritsu Company—Verizon Wireless has... — Dawn Hightower [People] People Jack Bramel Receives IPC Raymond E. Pritchard Hall Of Fame Award JACK BRAMEL has been awarded the 2009 IPC Raymond E. Pritchard Hall of Fame Award in recognition of contributions to IPC and the electronic interconnect industry, volunteer service on IPC standards-development committees, and lifetime achievement. Bramel has been involved in IPC for more than 40 years. He first became involved with standards... — Dawn Hightower [Educational Meetings] Educational Meetings MEETINGS 2010 Microwave Application Seminars May 25-27, 2010 (Anaheim, CA) Part of the International Microwave Symposium (IMS) Wednesday admission to the exhibit floor and the MicroApps Seminars is free. The seminar schedule can be found online at IMS2010.org. For more information, contact: Sherry Hess, AWR Corp./MicroApps Subcommittee of IMS 2010 Steering Committee Phone: (310)... — Dawn Hightower [R&D Roundup] EM Software Taps Supercomputers For Problem Solving TWO ALGORITHMS are known for solving very large integral-equation problems involving electromagnetic (EM) scattering from conducting bodies: the Fast Multipole Method (FMM) and its multilevel version, the Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm (MLFMA). Both algorithms have the ability to cluster the geometry into groups. The interactions between groups at a large distance are approximated using a few multipole expansions in the framework of an iterative... — Nancy Friedrich [R&D Roundup] 64.8-GHz Divider Races On 0.13-µm CMOS WITH THE RAPID PROGRESS of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, it has become more cost effective to realize 60-GHz receiver front-end circuits or even parts of a complete transceiver in 0.13-µm CMOS. Recently, a team of researchers reported a low-power and wide-locking-range, 64.8-GHz injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) using standard 0.13-µm CMOS. A wide locking range of 10.2 GHz from 54.6 to 64.8 GHz (17 percent) was achieved by ... — Nancy Friedrich [R&D Roundup] Antenna Offers Directional And Omnidirectional Mode FOR AMPLITUDE MONOPULSE SYSTEMS, conventional antennas provide only a directional mode. To offer an omnidirectional mode, such antennas will require a complicated amplitude and/or phase calibration network. At Aerospace Electronics Co., Leo G. Maloratsky has developed an L-band switched directional/omnidirectional antenna module. It comprises a four-monopole antenna, switched beamforming network (SBFN), matching network, and interface. The switched beamforming... — Nancy Friedrich [Application Notes] Quickly And Accurately Measure LTE PAs THE THIRD GENERATION PARTNERSHIP PROJECT (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) initiative promises to enhance third-generation (3G) networks, thereby enabling new service opportunities in mobile TV and video. Yet challenges exist in achieving these capabilities in consumer devices. For example, the power amplifier (PA) contributes significantly to handset power consumption. As an active device, it also exhibits nonlinear behavior that can be problematic. In a... — Nancy Friedrich [Application Notes] Pinpoint And Plan For EMI Sources In Automobiles AUTOMOBILES now come with more electrical and electronic systems, such as control-area networks (CANs) and infotainment systems. The growing complexity of such electronics systems has made automotive wiring systems more expensive. They also are a major point of failure. As a result, wireless technology is replacing wire harnesses in many cases. Because automotive electronic systems are located in a confined space, electromagnetic interference (EMI) can be a problem. In... — Nancy Friedrich [Editor's Choice] PXI Modules Cover 100 kHz To 26.5 GHz A NEW FAMILY OF RF/MICROWAVE FUNCTION MODULES promises to provide configurable test and measurement solutions for both commercial and military applications. The family consists of five PXI (3U) modules available in any of six primary configurations covering 100 kHz to 2.9 GHz, 2.7 to 26.5 GHz, and 100 kHz to 26.5 GHz. The family consists of the Preselector Module, Microwave Downconverter Module, RF Downconverter Module, Local Oscillator (LO) Module, and IF Downconverter... — Nancy Friedrich [Editor's Choice] PA Delivers 20 W To 2.4 GHz CATV OPERATORS are looking to enhance their network performance and provide bandwidth for growing broadcast and narrowcast services, such as HDTV and emerging 3D HDTV. A series of 1.2-GHz broadband transmission products—the RFPD2580, RFPP2590, and RFOS601x amplifiers— helps them make this transition. The RFPD2580 is a power doubler amplifier that uses gallium-nitride (GaN) technology to achieve 22.5 dB gain at 1.2 GHz. It covers 45 to 1200 MHz while... — Nancy Friedrich [Editor's Choice] PAs Help CATV Operators Upgrade To 1.2 GHz THE NUPOWER POWER-AMPLIFIER (PA) series has a new member in the NWSSPA- 20W-0.4-2.4 broadband PA. This solid-state PA delivers 20 W from 400 MHz to 2.4 GHz. With a small form factor of 3 cubic inches, it provides benefits in both size and weight reduction. The NW-SSPA- 20W-0.4-2.4 is ideal for broadband RF telemetry and military communication systems that require high reliability and efficiency. NuWaves Ltd., 122 Edison Dr., Middletown, OH 45044-3269; (513)... — Nancy Friedrich [Editor's Choice] Low Observable Antenna Matches Characteristics Of 5/8 Wavelength Whip Antenna FOR APPLICATIONS that require a more compact antenna but still must achieve superior low-angle radiation, a new antenna provides a 3-dB beamwidth horizon to 55 deg. elevation with less than 3 dB azimuth variation. This linear antenna achieves a peak gain of -3 dBil while its rugged construction makes it suitable for extreme environments. The Low Observable antenna is available in diameters ranging from 2.5 in. at ~915 MHz to 11 in. at 150 MHz with... — Nancy Friedrich [RF Primer] Tackling MIMO In WiMAX Testing WiMAX broadband mobile wireless communications systems promise expanded voice, data, and video services. To do so, however, they face a number of transmission hurdles, including limited bandwidth, interference, and multipath conditions. With advanced digital modulation schemes, the bandwidth can be put to optimum use. And with multiple antenna formats, such as multiple-input, multiple- output (MIMO) schemes, multipath can be a benefit. ... — Jack Browne [Focus] Precision Cables Preserve Microwave Measurement Accuracy Precision cables are usually the last addition to a microwave test system. Often, they are an afterthought. The wrong cables, however, can add unstable electrical characteristics to the system and unreliable test results. For that reason, it is important to select coaxial interconnects for testing with great care. It is best to choose cables that will not only deliver phase and amplitude stability and low loss, but are rugged and reliable. For use with... — Ashok Bindra [Focus] Single And Dual Directional Couplers Reach 18 GHz A series of high-power directional couplers is optimized for two-octave bandwidths and is available with a choice of coupling values. These units are suitable for sampling forward and reflected power with a negligible effect on the transmission line and very-low-intermodulation products. They handle 500 W average power and 10-kW peak power (except for model CHP-6018, a 6-to-18-GHz unit that handles 250 W average power). Accuracy, including frequency variation, is ±1.0 dB. The... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Composite Connectors Offer Alternative To Brass Engineers now have a lightweight, low-cost substitute for brass connectors in a line of N and 7/16 composite connectors with over 20 new variations of plugs, jacks, and receptacles. The connectors’ single-piece design permits contact pressure to be equally distributed by diverting the entire tightening torque force through pressure on the ground contact junction. This feature improves intermodulation performance. For the 7/16 receptacles, for example, third-order... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Rugged Aluminum Connectors Last For 3000 Cycles A precision engineered connector series has been designed specifically for military and other harsh-environment applications that require robust performance in a lightweight compact size. The M series couplers, which are rated for 3000 cycles, operate from -55° to +200°C. They claim resistance to vibration to 15 G from 10 to 2000 Hz. The connectors can provide 100 G shock resistance for 6 ms. With a one-grip ratchet screw system, they... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Multimode Fibers Transport High-Powered Laser Beams The delivery of high-power laser beams in scientific, military, and industrial/ commercial applications typically requires bulky, inconvenient, and often heavy articulated arms. A simpler and more efficient approach is to use multimode, step-index optical fibers. Some new multimode fibers feature an air-gap design, where the fiber extends into free space. This feature provides an epoxyfree region in which thermal energy can be safely dissipated without burning the ... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] 10-dB Coaxial Coupler Has Flat Frequency Response To meet military requirements, the model 4246B-10 miniature stripline coaxial microwave coupler delivers 10 dB coupling from 6 to 18 GHz. In addition to having an extremely flat frequency response, the coupler handles 50 W average power and 3 kW peak power. It boasts 15-dB directivity while exhibiting insertion loss of 2.5 dB or less. The coupler offers VSWR of 1.40:1 and frequency sensitivity of ±0.5 dB or better. It operates from -54° to +105° C without... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Hybrid Combiners Add Channels With Low PIM Signal combining in cellular base stations and other systems requires components with high isolation between signal paths, low loss in those paths, and minimal passive intermodulation distortion (PIM) added to the signals. As the number of signals increases and bandwidth broadens, the requirements of radio base stations, distributed antenna systems (DASs), and in-building cable distribution networks have spurred designers of hybrid combiners to new... — Ashok Bindra [Focus] Rugged Puck Antennas Handle Inside/Outside Duties The CP range of antennas is based on a common rubberized, low-profile “puck” design with a built-in central threaded mount. All CP antennas offer gain of 2 to 3 dBi for linearly polarized signals and are ground-plane independent. The 102-x-33.5-mm CP antennas are half-wave radiating elements with a power rating of 10 W. They are supplied with 1 to 3 m of cable terminated with an SMA-male connector. The CP antennas are screw-mounted, requiring a 20-mm hole. The cable exits... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Chebyshev-Style Low-Pass Filter Cuts Off At 36 GHz Model CLPF30-9 is a Chebyshev-style lowpass filter that passes signals to 36 GHz with less than 1.5 dB insertion loss. At 40 GHz, it exhibits rejection of 30 dB. Rejection is greater than 40 dB from 42 to 65 GHz. This filter can be used to suppress the harmonics of multiplied frequency sources or to reject the image frequency of an up- or downconverter. The filter is available with a variety of cut-off frequencies to 50 GHz. Like the firm’s other bandpass... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Low-PIM Attenuators Span 698 To 2700 MHz A range of medium-power attenuators offers guaranteed low passive intermodulation (PIM) of less than -150 dBm when measured with two 20-W test tones. These products are available in attenuation values from 4.8 to 30.0 dB to meet the wireless market’s needs from 698 to 2700 MHz. The AY series is designed for power inputs from 30 to 45 W depending on attenuation value. These attenuators are available with either Type N or 7-16 mm DIN, male-to-female connectors.... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Calibrated Direct-Read Variable RF Attenuators Deliver High Accuracy To target medical applications, the model 794M calibrated 0-to-40- dB variable attenuator provides flat frequency response from 4 to 8 GHz. It also provides direct readout of attenuation values. The model 794M exhibits attenuation accuracy of ±2.5 dB at the highest attenuation setting. It handles 10 W average and 5 kW peak RF input power. It exhibits insertion loss of 0.5 dB or less with a maximum VSWR of 1.25:1. The attenuator, which is housed in a rugged... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Antennas Serve P25 Applications From 132 To 174 MHz A pair of wideband mobile load coil antennas is well suited for Project 25 initiative applications, which promise to enable federal, state, and local public-safety agencies to communicate with other agencies and response teams during emergencies. The B1322W covers a field-tunable frequency range of 132 to 174 MHz. This antenna allows the user to obtain a VSWR below 2.0:1 at a desired center frequency. Its sibling, the B1360W, does not require tuning. It spans 136... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Coaxial Attenuators Step To 18 GHz With the debut of the 42WXX precision SMA-coaxial fixed attenuator, one series of SMA coaxial products has been expanded to 18 GHz. This attenuator is offered in values from 0 to 10 dB in 1-dB increments to a maximum frequency range of 18.0 GHz. It is available in commercial or highreliability versions for all applications. The coaxial attenuator is manufactured with a stainless-steel body and standard SMA male/female interface. The rugged construction of... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Surge Arrestors Guard RF Equipment From Lightning The LP-BTR50 series recently joined the Times-Protect line of RF lightning- and surge-protection products. These devices protect RF equipment handling applications from 125 through 1000 MHz. The surge arrestors incorporate DC-blocking technology. Thanks to their multi-strike performance, they also promise longevity. The arrestors provide 50- impedance with typical VSWR/return loss of better than 1.10:1 and 26 dB. They exhibit insertion loss of 0.1 dB. The arrestors... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] 3.3-V LVDS Oscillators Deliver Less Than 1 ps Jitter A smaller version of the 3.3-V XpressO XO LVDS oscillators was recently spawned. The FXO-LC33 series LVDS oscillators span 0.75 MHz to 1.35 GHz in a 3.2-x-2.5-mm package. They offer stabilities as tight as ±25 ppm and frequency resolution to six decimal places. Using the third-order Delta- Sigma modulator (DSM), these XpressO XO LVDS oscillators have reduced noise levels comparable to those of traditional bulk quartz and surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) ... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] LNA Supports Mobile TV For Handsets A new low-noise amplifier (LNA) has been designed to enable mobile phones, smart phones, and other handheld devices to receive broadcast TV. The uPD5740T6N LNA is a wideband IC with a bypass/through function. It is part of Newport Media’s mobile TV reference designs and also is applicable for short-range wireless systems in the 450-, 868-, and 900-MHz frequency ranges including applications like smart meter, smart grid, and wireless security. The LNA operates from... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Phase-Locked Oscillators Span 0.5 To 6 GHz The D1000 series phase-locked oscillators are based on proprietary digital phase-locked-loop (PLL) circuitry, which eliminates the use of sampling phase detectors to greatly improve performance over analog circuits. By comparison, they provide improved spurious rejection of typically less than -70 dBc, lower microphonics, and phase-lock-integrity over temperature. In addition, their digital architecture supposedly results in higher quality and field... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] GaAs MMIC PA Spans 2.7 To 3.8 GHz A gallium-arsenide (GaAs), monolithic- microwave-integrated-circuit (MMIC) power amplifier (PA), dubbed the model XP5002-BD, covers 2.7 to 3.8 GHz. It boasts 32 dB of large-signal gain and +41.5 dBm saturated output power. The amplifier promises to deliver 40 percent power-added efficiency. It provides 15 dB input return loss and 14 dB output return loss. The PA requires a gate bias voltage of -5 V and gate supply current of 150 mA. At a typical drain... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Clock Oscillator Can Withstand +125°C The OC8037 miniature clock oscillator operates to 160 MHz with a square-wave HC-CMOS/AC-CMOS output, frequency stability of ±50 ppm output, and two supply voltage options of 3.3 and 5 V. It targets extreme-temperature and harsh-environment applications with an extensive range of operating temperatures including -40° to +85°C and -55° to +125°C. Additional options support even higher operating temperatures. The OC8037 also offers shock resistance of 5000 g ... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] 600-W Pallet Amplifier Is Flat From 10 To 80 MHz A new two-stage, Class AB pallet amplifier was designed for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) applications operating with pulsed signals (and delivering 600 W output power at 10-percent duty cycle) as well as military applications requiring as much as 200 W continuous-wave (CW) output power. The rugged LD600- 10.80 (RES-INGENIUM), which features the Freescale 50-V LDMOS model MRF6V2300NR1 power transistor, typically achieves 40 dB gain.... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] 4-W MOSFET Amplifier Covers 340 To 470 MHz The SM034047-34MQ2 MOSFET amplifier targets military and commercial applications that include coded-orthogonal- frequency-division-multiplexing (COFDM) video and C2 links in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and portable battery-powered transmitters. The unit operates from 340 to 470 MHz with 4 W of output power at 1-dB compression. It offers small-signal gain of 11 dB with flatness of 0.8 dB across the band. Standard features include high-speed on/off... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Oscillator Withstands Temperatures To 250°C To meet the high-reliability requirements demanded by harsh-environment applications, the PX-420 combines advanced quartz-resonator design with siliconon- insulator (SOI) technology to provide available signals from 1 to 40 MHz. As a result, the crystal oscillator vows to serve applications requiring continuous, high-reliability operation at temperatures ranging from -55° to +250°C. The PX-420 features a doubly rotated quartz resonator and electrode metallization, ... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] Compact LNA Handles More Than Four Octaves Covering the frequency range of 1 to 18 GHz, the AMX/0118-3026 low-noise amplifier (LNA) serves a variety of RF and microwave applications. This compact LNA typically offers noise figures of less than 2.5 dB over an instantaneous bandwidth of more than four octaves from 1 through 18 GHz. It is based on gallium-arsenide (GaAs) pHEMT technology with input and output impedance matching. The amplifier is available as a drop-in package or with SMA connectors. ... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF [Focus] VCO Provides -110 dBc/Hz Phase Noise At 10 kHz Operating over the frequency range of 2620 to 2710 MHz, the CVCO55CC-2620-2710 voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) requires a control voltage range of 0.5 to 4.5 V. This VCO typically features phase noise of -110 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset from the carrier. It delivers typical output power of +3 dBm. Input voltage is 5 V with maximum current consumption of 40 mA. The VCO minimizes pulling and pushing to 1.5 MHz and 1.5 MHz/V, respectively. It offers second harmonic... — The Editors of Microwaves & RF |
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